منابع مشابه
Modus Tollens Probabilized
We establish a probabilized version of modus tollens, deriving from p(E jH)1⁄4 a and p( E)1⁄4 b the best possible bounds on p( H). In particular, we show that p( H)! 1 as a, b ! 1, and also as a, b ! 0.
متن کاملA Counterexample to Modus Tollens
This paper defends a counterexample to Modus Tollens, and uses it to draw some conclusions about the logic and semantics of indicative conditionals and probability operators in natural language. Along the way we investigate some of the interactions of these expressions with knows, and we call into question the thesis that all knowledge ascriptions have truthconditions. A probabilistic dynamic s...
متن کاملQUADERNO DI METODOLOGIA CLINICA CLINICAL METHODOLOGY GUIDE SHERLOCK HOLMES E IL PROCESSO INVESTIGATIVO SHERLOCK HOLMES AND THE INVESTIGATIVE PROCESS “Modus Tollens” Probabilized: Deductive and Inductive Methods in Medical Diagnosis Il “Modus Tollens” Probabilistico: Metodo Deduttivo e Induttivo nella Diagnosi Medica
Background Medical diagnosis has been traditionally recognized as a privileged field of application for so called probabilistic induction. Consequently, the Bayesian theorem, which mathematically formalizes this form of inference, has been seen as the most adequate tool for quantifying the uncertainty surrounding the diagnosis by providing probabilities of different diagnostic hypotheses, given...
متن کاملGeneralized Modus Tollens with Linguistic Modifiers for Inverse Approximate Reasoning
Based on our previous researchs about generalized modus ponens (GMP) with linguistic modifiers for If ... Then rules, this paper proposes new generalized modus tollens (GMT) inference rules with linguistic modifiers in linguistic many–valued logic framework with using hedge moving rules for inverse approximate reasoning.
متن کاملHow to Embed Epistemic Modals without Violating Modus Tollens
Epistemic modals in consequent place of indicative conditionals give rise to apparent counterexamples to Modus Ponens and Modus Tollens. Familiar assumptions of familiar truth conditional theories of modality facilitate a prima facie explanation—viz., that the target cases harbor epistemic modal equivocations. However, these explanations go too far. For they foster other predictions of equivoca...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: The British Journal for the Philosophy of Science
سال: 2004
ISSN: 0007-0882,1464-3537
DOI: 10.1093/bjps/55.4.747